Rongidele tehtava grafiti soodsama eemaldusviisi välja selgitamine koostöös AS-iga Eesti Liinirongid

Abstract

KOKKUVÕTE Käesolevas lõputöös otsiti võimalust leida soodne lahendus grafiti ennetamiseks ja eemaldamiseks reisirongide välispindadelt. Töö käigus leiti, et rongireisijate jaoks on oluline rongide puhtus ja grafitit nähakse pigem segava vandaalitsemisena. Uurimistöös jõuti samadele järeldustele, mis ka varasemad uuringud (Whitford, 1992, 5; White, 2018; Schacter, 2008) on välja toonud, et grafiti ei jäta inimesi ükskõikseks ning nad on kas pigem selle poolt või vastu. Enamuses siiski vastu. Grafiti ennetamine ja eemaldamine on kallis, selleks, et grafiti eemaldamist kergendada, töötatakse pidevalt välja erinevaid lahendusi (Rossi jt, 2017, Sanmartin, Cappitelli, Mitchell, 2014, Vega-Bosch jt, 2024). Ka käesolevas uuringus selgus, et Elronis toimub pidev töö rongi-grafiti ennetamiseks ja eemaldamise tõhustamiseks, katsetatakse erinevaid vahendeid ja võimalusi nii rongide kaitseks kui ka odavamateks puhastamise võimalusteks. Hetkel kasutatakse Elronis Blue Green Graffiti remover Train vahendit, mis sulatab grafiti pinnalt lahti ja seda on võimalik lappidega maha pesta. Siiski toimib see kõige paremini kiirelt tegutsedes ja uuematel rongidel. Käesoleva töö eesmärgiks oli välja selgitada soodsam lahendus grafiti ennetamiseks ja eemaldamiseks koostöös AS Eesti Liinirongidega. Eesmärgist lähtuvalt viidi läbi intervjuu, mille tulemustest selgus, et Elronis katsetatakse pidevalt erinevaid võimalusi grafiti ennetamiseks ja eemaldamiseks, aga ei ole veel katsetatud vedelat vaha, mille rongile pealekandmine on soodne ja keskkonnasõbralik. Lõputöö raames tehtud arvutuste kohaselt on vedela kaitsevaha rongidele pealekandmine odav lahendus, mis peaks püsima 3 kuud talvistes ja 6 kuud suvistes tingimustes. Võimalusel võtab Elron vaha 2025. aasta suvel katsetusse ja kui vaha läbib esimesed testid edukalt, võidakse selle kasutamist laiendada tervele rongipargile. Edasiselt saab uurida käesolevas lõputöös välja pakutud vahaga rongide katmist, et näha, kas lubatud püsivus ka päriselt nii kaua vagunil püsib. SUMMARY Ascertainment of the More Affordable Way to Remove Graffiti on Trains in Cooperation with AS Eesti Liinirongid In the thesis better solutions are sought for the troublesome and costly prevention and removal of graffiti from passenger trains. On the one hand, graffiti is a way for persons to express themselves to a wider audience, but at the same time it is considered to be a vandalism and illegal activity. The aim of this thesis is to identify a more affordable solution for the prevention and removal of graffiti from the exterior surfaces of passenger trains in cooperation with Estonian passenger train operator AS Eesti Liinirongid. AS Eesti Liinirongid (hereinafter Elron) manages the passenger train fleet in Estonia and one of Elron’s goals is to offer service with clean and visually nice trains. Graffiti changes the appearance and image of trains and companies use different ways to combat it. However, to prevent graffiti, preparing surfaces to repel graffiti and removing graffiti from trains is costly. Ross et al. (2017) point out that graffiti is a major problem for coated metal because both the protective coatings and the graffiti itself have the same chemical composition. The permanent coating of the trains is expected to withstand as many graffiti cleanups as possible. This thesis consists of three parts. The first, theoretical part offers an overview of graffiti, train-graffiti, its suppression, removal and Elron's capabilities in suppressing train-graffiti. The second part describes the research methodology, sample and research procedure. The third part of the thesis presents the results of the conducted research. During the research, it was found that the cleanliness of trains is important for passengers, and graffiti is seen as more of a disruptive vandalism. The thesis reached the same conclusions as previous studies (Whitford, 1992, 5; White, 2018; Schacter, 2008) have pointed out that graffiti does not leave people indifferent and they are either more for or against it. However, mostly against. Prevention and removal of graffiti is costly and various solutions are constantly being developed to simplify it (Rossi et al., 2017, Sanmartin, Cappitelli, Mitchell, 2014, Vega Bosch et al., 2024). The research revealed that continuous work is being done at Elron to prevent train graffiti and to improve its removal, various means and options are being tested for the protection of trains as well as cheaper cleaning options. At the moment, Elron uses cleaning agent Blue Green Graffiti remover Train, which dissolves graffiti from 25 the surface and can be washed off with rags. However, it works best when operating quickly on fresh graffiti and on newer trains. To find out a more affordable solution for the prevention and removal of graffiti, an interview was conducted with representative of AS Eesti Liinirong. The results revealed that Elron is constantly testing different ways to prevent and remove graffiti, but liquid wax, which is affordable and environmentally friendly, has not yet been tested. According to the calculations made as part of the thesis, applying liquid protective wax to trains is a cheap solution that should last 3 months in winter and 6 months in summer conditions. If possible, Elron will test the wax in the summer of 2025, and if the wax passes the first tests successfully, its use may be extended to the entire train fleet. In the future, the coating of trains with wax proposed in this thesis can be investigated to see if the promised durability of protection lasts as long as described.