Kohaliku omavalitsuse teede seisukorra analüüs

Eesti 89 452 km pikkusest teedevõrgust moodustavad kohalikud teed 26,4%. Kohalikud teed on avalikus kasutuses olevad teed, mille hoolduse ja ehituse eest vastutab kohalik omavalitsus. Kõige suurema osa ehk üle 60% kohalikest teedest moodustavad kruusa- ja pinnaseteed, mille lagunemine on kevadise märja ilmaga eriti näha ning osa teid muutuvad isegi läbimatuks. [3], [4]

Kohalikud teed on aga üheks oluliseks osaks Eesti teedevõrgus – nende teede hea seisukord tagab elanikele mugavad ja turvalised liikumisvõimalused ning selle, et inimesteni jõuavad vajalikud teenused ja esmaabi. Lisaks aitab kohalike teede korrashoid kaasa ka omavalitsuste majanduse arengule – head teed loovad piirkonnale lisandväärtust ning tekitab ka ettevõtetele soodsamad tingimused. [4]

Töö eesmärgiks oli analüüsida ühe kohaliku omavalitsuse kohalike teede seisukorda – viia läbi vaatlused ja mõõtmised kohalikel teedel, analüüsida saadud tulemusi, leida põhjuseid teede lagunemisele ja pakkuda välja remondivõimalusi ning edaspidiseid samme teede seisukorra parandamiseks.

Töö käigus teostati vaatlused ja mõõtmised Häädemeeste valla teedel ja tänavatel, selgitamaks välja kohalike teede seisukorra. Leiti, et teed on väga erinevates seisukordades, kokkuvõtvalt saab teede seisukorra hinnata keskmiseks. Kattega teed on üldjuhul heas korras, kõige sagedasemateks defektiliikideks on augud ning pikipraod. Kruusateede seisukord on üldpildis väga sarnane, palju on vana ja vajunud kruuskattega teid, mis vajaksid uut kruuskatet.

Üheks suureks sammuks kohalike teede seisukorra parandamisel oleks omavalitsustesse palgata teedeehitusalase haridusega teedespetsialistid. Eelduste kohaselt oskaksid erialase kõrgharidusega ja kogemusega inimesed paremini hinnata, millal, ja mis töid on vaja teha. Kindlasti on ka üheks oluliseks punktiks leida juurde rahastust kohalikele teedele.

Analysis of the Condition of Roads in a Local Municipality

Local roads make up 26.4% of Estonia’s 89,452 km long road network. Local roads are public thoroughfares whose construction and maintenance are the responsibility of local governments. The majority of local roads (over 60%) consist of gravel and dirt roads, whose deterioration is particularly noticeable in wet spring weather, with some even becoming impassable. [3], [4]

However, local roads form an important part of the Estonian road network: their good condition ensures that residents are able to travel in safety and comfort and that vital services and first aid can reach them. In addition, the maintenance of local roads contributes to the economic development of local governments, since good roads add value to an area and create favourable conditions for businesses as well. [4]

The aim of this thesis was to analyse the condition of the local roads in one local government area, carrying out observations and measurements on the roads, analysing the results, determining the reasons for the deterioration of the roads and suggesting repair options and further steps to improve the condition of the roads.

In the course of the research, observations and measurements were carried out on roads in Häädemeeste municipality to determine their condition. They were found to be in a variety of states. On the whole, their condition can be considered average. The paved roads are generally in good condition, with the most frequent types of defects being holes and cracks in the surface. The overall condition of the municipality’s gravel roads is very similar, with many old and sunken roads in need of resurfacing.

One major step towards improving the condition of these roads would be to hire specialists with a background in road construction to work for local governments. People with higher education and professional experience would be better able to judge when and what work needs to be done. It is also important to find more funding for local roads.