Vesinikkütusel töötava auto hooldus- ja remonditöökoja projekteerimine Toyota Elke näitel

Jätkusuutlikuma, süsinikuneutraalse tuleviku poole püüeldes on eesmärk süsinikdioksiidi heitkoguste vähendamine. Ettevõtted üle maailma töötavad välja ja võtavad kasutusele keskkonnasäästlikumaid alternatiive ja energiaallikaid. Vesinikku peetakse üheks tuleviku kütuse- ja energiaallikaks. See süsinikuheitevaba tehnoloogia on pälvinud mitmete autotööstuse suurimate tegijate tähelepanu ja toodetakse üha rohkem vesinikkütusel töötavaid autosid. Toyota on kütuseelemendiga sõidukite tehnoloogia arendamisel olnud vankumatu – kütuselemendiga sõidukeid toodeti juba ammu enne seda, kui teised autotootjad seda ideed alles kaalusid. Toyota Mirai oli üks esimesi masstootmises vesinikkütusega autosid ja see jõudis teedele 2014. aastal. 2021. aasta detsembris tutvustas Toyota GR Yaris H2, täiustatud vesinikkütusega ideeautot. Erinevalt Miraist, mis muundab vesinikkütust elektrienergia tootmiseks, kasutab GR Yaris H2 põleva kütusena vesinikku, pakkudes traditsioonilist sisepõlemismootori kogemust. 2022. aastal müüs Toyota 2094 Miraid, mis on 20% rohkem kui 2021. aastal. See müügikasv näitab kasvavat nõudlust puhtamate sõidukite järele, eriti vesiniku infrastruktuuri arenedes. Seega suureneb vajadus ka nende autode hoolduse ja remondi järele. Töö eesmärgiks oli projekteerida kehtivatele nõuetele vastav vesinikkütust kasutava auto remonditöökoda Toyota Elke näitel. Püstitatud ülesanded said täidetud ja selle tulemusena on projekteeritud kehtviatele nõuetele vastav remonditöökoda Elke Mustamäe territooriumile ning lisaks tehtud ettepanek töökojas asuva kahe tööala kohandamiseks vesinikkütusega autode remondiks.

Faced with climate change and the demand for overall sustainability of the renewable energy-driven energy sector, a number of studies are currently being conducted on alternative energy sources and fuels. One of the challenges facing the hydrogen revolution is the maintenance and repair of hydrogen-powered cars. What is required of those who have to maintain and repair these vehicles? Hydrogen molecules are small and light, so it is not possible to detect hydrogen leaks with the naked eye. Explosive hydrogen-air mixtures can form as a result of leaks. Therefore, the maintenance of a hydrogen fuel cell car requires special space, tools and technician training. In striving for a more sustainable, carbon-neutral future, the goal is to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Companies around the world are developing and adopting greener alternatives and energy sources. Hydrogen is considered one of the fuel and energy sources of the future. Carbon-free technology has attracted the attention of several major car manufacturers, and more and more hydrogen-powered cars are being produced. Toyota produced fuel cell vehicles long before other automakers even considered the idea. The Toyota Mirai was one of the first mass-produced hydrogen cars and hit the roads in 2014. In December 2021, Toyota unveiled the GR Yaris H2, an advanced hydrogen concept car. Unlike the Mirai, which converts hydrogen fuel into electricity, the GR Yaris H2 uses hydrogen as its burning fuel, offering a traditional internal combustion engine experience. In 2022, Toyota sold 2,094 Mirai, which is 20% more than in 2021. This increase in sales reflects the growing demand for cleaner vehicles, especially as the hydrogen infrastructure develops. As a result, the need to maintain and repair these cars increases. The aim of the work was to design a repair workshop for a car using hydrogen fuel that meets current requirements, using the Toyota Elke as an example. The significance of the work was that, although Toyota has introduced the hydrogen-powered cars Toyota Mirai, Toyota GR Yaris and Toyota Corolla Sport to the market, there are no workshops necessary for the repair of a hydrogen-powered car in Estonia. The set tasks were completed, and as a result, a repair workshop that meets the current requirements has been designed for the territory of Elke Mustamäe, and in addition, a proposal has been made to adapt the two existing maintenance areas.