Arktika kogukondliku väikelinna planeering

Pond Inlet on väikelinn e. kogukond Kanada Arktikas. See, 1500 elanikuga linn sai alguse 20nda sajandi alguses, kui sinna asusid elama piirkonnas aastatuhandeid poolränduritena elanud innuiitid. Nende linna elama asumine polnud päris vabatahtlik ja koos valgetega elamine linnalikes tingimustes oli neile võõras ning problemaatilne. Oli raske kohaneda uute tingimustega ja omaks võtta uut elukorraldust. Innuiitid olid haljunud elama väikestes kogukondades ja ringi rändama, et järgneda karibukarjadele või otsida paremaid kalastuskohti. Sellised kogukonnad koosnesid 10-20 inimesest. Uus elukorraldus pani nad aga sadadena kokku elama ja lisaks omaks võtma uusi kombeid. Kuna nii kaugel Arktikas asuvad kogukonnad ennast sellisel kuju ise majandada ei suuda, siis on juba Pond Inleti asutamisest peale sõltutud välisabist. On loodud riiklik abiprogramm, mis hõlmab endast nii tööhõivet, kui ka muid toetusi ja soodustusi. Tänaseks on linna ehitatud eeltoodetud, tüüpprojektide alusel ehitatud majad, mis ei vasta selle karmi ja külma keskkonna nõuetele ja vajadustele. Sama kehtib ka kõikide tehnosüsteemide kohta. Hoonete paiknemine on suhteliselt kaootiline kogu linna ulatuses. Kogu väikelinna arhitektuur on primitiivne ja isetekkeline. Uus planeering näeb ette hoonete paiknemise iseseisvate kimpudena. Selline hoonete asetus on tingitud innuiittide traditsioonilisest elamisviisist, kus elati koos väikeste kogukondadena. Eesmärk on uue planeeringuga anda neile tagasi elamisviis, mis on neile omasem. Kuna hoonete kimbud asetsevad teineteisest optimaalsel kaugusel, luues nii privaatsust, kui ka tagades linnaliku tihedust, on plaanis luua efektiivne ja hästitoimiv väikelinna elu. Avalikud- ja ühiskondlikud hooned on koondatud ümber suurema keskuse, moodustades nii linna tuikssoone, kus toimub ühiskondlik elu ja korraldatakse ühiseid üritusi. Keset peaväljakut paikneb skulpturaalne igluküla. See sümboliseerib innuiittide ajaloolist elukeskkonda, kus nad on tuhandeid aastaid elanud. Teine keskus moodustub ümber olemasoleva veekogu. Veekogu kaldad kindlustatakse kivirahnudega ja tekib ringikujuline järv, mille ümber astsevad teaduskeskus, lennujaama hoone ja spordisaal. Kuna Poind Inlet on juba praegu tähtsaks keskuseks ja baasiks teadlastele, kes uurivad sealset loodust, loomi ja ilmastikunähtusi, siis näeb uus planeering ette moodsa teaduskeskuse rajamise. Teaduskeskus

Pond Inlet is a small town community in the Canadian Arctic. This city of 1,500 inhabitants dates back to the beginning of the 20th century, when it was inhabited by the Inuit, who had lived in the area for millennia. Their settlement in the city was not entirely voluntary, and living with whites in urban conditions was unfamiliar to them. It was difficult to adapt to the new conditions and adopt a new way of life. The Inuit were accustomed to living in small communities and migrating around to follow herds of caribou or in search of better fishing grounds. Such communities consisted of 10-20 people. However, the new way of life made them live together in hundreds and also adopt new customs. As communities in the Arctic so far cannot manage on their own, they have been dependent on foreign aid since the founding of Pond Inlet. A state aid program has been set up, which includes employment as well as other benefits and incentives. Today, the city has built semi-finished, standard-designed houses that do not meet the requirements and needs of this harsh and cold environment. The same applies to all technical systems. The location of the buildings is relatively chaotic throughout the city. The architecture of the whole small town is primitive and self-evident. The new plan envisages the location of the buildings as independent bundles. This arrangement of buildings is due to the traditional way of life of the Inuit, who lived together as small communities. The aim of the new plan is to give them back the way of life that is more characteristic of them. Because the bundles of buildings are at an optimal distance from each other, creating both privacy and urban density to ensure an efficient and well-functioning small town life. Public and community buildings are grouped around a larger center, thus forming the city's hotspots, where social life and joint events take place. In the middle of the main square is a sculptural igloo village. It symbolizes the historical living environment of the Inuit, where they have lived for thousands of years. The second center is formed around the existing lake. The shores of the lake are fortified with boulders and a circular lake is formed, surrounded by a science center, an airport building and a gym. As Poind Inlet is already an important center and base for scientists studying nature, animals and weather, the new plan envisages the establishment of a modern science center. This research centers