Ristkihtliimpuit paneelidest liftišahti moodul

Käesoleva lõputöö ülesandeks oli koostada ristkihtliimpuit paneelidest liftišahti mooduli lahendus ning erinevad konstruktiivsed koostesõlmed ja lisaks sellele ka erinevad kinnitusvahendid. Esimeses peatükis vaadeldi ristkihtliimpuit materjali ajalugu ning seda, kuidas ristkihtliimpuit populaarseks sai nii Euroopas kui ka Ameerika Ühendriikides. Peamised levinud riigid, mis kasutavad ristkihtliimpuitu väga populaarse ehitusmaterjalina, on Austria, Kesk-Euroopa riigid ning ka Norra, kus on püstitatud lausa 9-korruseline korterelamu, kus on ka liftišaht ja trepikoja lahendused tehtud ristkihtliimpuidust, kuna ei soovitud kasutada betooni. Lisaks sellele on lõputöös vaadeldud ka ristkihtliimpuidu tootmisprotsessi ja kõige olulisemaid aspekte ristkihtliimpuidu paneeli kvaliteedi tagamiseks tootmisel. Peamine rõhk lõputöö raames oli lahendada nii ristkihtliimpuit paneelide paksused nii liftišahti seintena kui ka ülemise vöö paneelina, kuhu paigaldatakse lifti tarbeks tõsteaasad vastavalt joonistele ning kasutatavale liftile. Lisaks tuli valida sobiv lift antud lähteülesandeks ning koostada vastavad lifti paigaldusjoonised. Kasutati standardtüüpi lifti, mida AS KONE kasutab madalhoonetes, kuni 3- korruselised korterelamud ja büroohooned. Standardlift, mida kasutatakse käesolevas lõputöös, on 8– 10 inimesele mõeldud lift. Lisaks ristkihtliimpuit paneelide projekteerimisele tuli lahendada mooduli transport ning mooduli tõstemeetod, mis oleks mõistlik, kuid samas tuli kraana valikul mõelda ka terve hoone monteerimisele. Mooduli transpordiks oli peamine pakke mõõtudele vastavad lahendused valida, milleks said poolhaagis ning avatud konteiner. Tulepüsivuse peatükis on välja toodud erinevad nõuded liftišahtile ning ristkihtliimpuit paneeli peamised erinevused, võrreldes teiste materjalidega, ning ka peamised nõrkused ristkihtliimpuidu juures. Viimase peatükina on tehtud lühiülevaade ristkihtliimpuit paneelide võrdlusest betooniga, mida kasutatakse hetkel kõige rohkem liftišahtide materjalina.

Lift Shaft from Cross Laminated Timber Panels. The task of this thesis is to prepare a solution for a lift shaft module made from cross laminated timber panels, different constructive assembly joints and different fastening equipment. The first chapter discusses the history of cross laminated timber as a material as well as how cross laminated timber reached its popularity in Europe and in the United States of America. The main countries where cross laminated timber is used as a popular construction material are Austria, Central European countries and also Norway, where a 9-story apartment building is constructed from cross laminated timber, including a lift shaft and stair hall solutions, because the constructors wished to avoid using concrete. Additionally, the thesis describes the production process of cross laminated timber and the most relevant aspects for ensuring quality when producing a cross laminated timber panel. The main emphasis of the thesis is on solving the thickness of cross laminated timber panels both as lift shaft walls and also as the panels of the upper section where the hoisting loops are installed according to the drawings and the lift used. Additionally, it was necessary to choose a suitable lift for the initial task and prepare the respective lift installing drawings. A standard type lift is used, which AS KONE uses in low buildings such as apartment and office buildings up to 3 stories high. The standard lift used in this thesis is meant for 8–10 people. In addition to designing the cross laminated timber panels, the module transport and module hoisting method also needed to be solved in terms of what would make sense, but at the same time, when choosing the crane, the assembly of the entire building had to be kept in mind. For transporting the module, the main idea was choosing the solution that fits the measures of the package, i.e. a semitrailer and an open container. Fire resistance chapter highlights different requirements for lift shafts and main differences between cross laminated timber and other materials, as well as the main weaknesses of the former. The last chapter provides a brief comparison between cross laminated timber panels and concrete which is currently the most widely used lift shaft construction material.