Lahepea 9 hinnapakkumiste analüüs

Eelarvestamine on eriala, millel põhineb ehitusmaksumus ja tänu millele potentsiaalselt võidetakse hange. Eelarvestamine koosneb tellitava projektiga tutvumisest, selle etappideks jagamisest, etappidele hinnapakkumiste võtmisest ning ehituseelarve koostamisest. Käesolevas töös keskenduti Lahepea 9 objekti eelarvele. Objekt on 68 korteriga ja maa-aluse parklaga korterelamu, millel on ka kaks äripinda. Antud töö eesmärgiks oli analüüsida ja võrrelda eelarvestaja koostatud hinnapakkumist projektijuhi koostatud kontrolleelarvega. Töö käigus keskenduti kõige kulukamate ehitustööde maksumuste analüüsimisele. Nende võrdlusest tuli välja, et prognoosmaksumus ei vastanud paljudel juhtudel reaalsetele kuludele. Tööde erinevused olid kas plussis või miinuses, aga leidus ka olukordi, kus hind vastas prognoositule. Kõige täpsema tulemuse rehkendas eelarvestaja elektritööde prognoosmaksumuse koostamisel. Elektritööde maksumuseks eelarvestatud summa oli 6 876 € + KM võrra väiksem, kui tegelikkuses välja kujunes. Kõige vähem täpsema tulemuse rehkendas eelarvestaja plaatide tarne prognoosmaksumuse koostamisel. Plaatide tarne maksumuseks eelarvestatud summa oli 63 678,18 € + KM võrra suurem, kui tegelikkuses välja kujunes. Kõige suurema kasumi saavutas projektijuht betoonitööde ja montaaži pealt, mis on ühtlasi kalli maksumusega tööliik. Tabelist selgub, et kasumiks kujunes nendel töödel 82 149,57 € + KM. Kõige suurema kahjumiga juhitud tööliigiks olid kipsitööd. See oli tingitud sellest, et kaks firmat ei suutnud töid teostada ning neid asuti likvideerima. Kahjumiks kujunes 8 901,08 € + KM. Prognooseelarvele võimalikult sarnast tulemust annaks saavutada juhul, kui koostada tehtud töödest analüütiline logi, mille põhjal saab ennustada võimalikke hinnakõikumisi tulevikus.

Lahepea 9 Cost Estimation Analysis. Cost estimation is an extremely important field in the construction industry. It allows the head contractor to plan out the necessary capital for constructing a building and entering a construction procurement. If the client who issued the procurement is also content with the head contractor’s offer, then a deal is signed and the obligation of construction falls on the head contractor. The precision of cost estimation is crucial in the phase of construction, because in the event that cost estimation was severely lower than the actual building costs, the head contractor cannot keep up their end of the deal, which means they either build with serious financial loss, which could lead to bankruptcy, or exit the deal, which means paying fines to the client. On the contrary event that building costs turn out to be lower than expected, the head contractor earns a bigger profit. This is the scenario that every head contractor dreams of, which is why markups and profits are often hidden into the contract. This means that the profits for the head contractor depend directly on accurate cost estimation. Cost estimation in the head contractor company called Ramm Ehituse OÜ, which this study is based on, is organized as follows: getting acquainted with project documentation, dividing project into different stages, acquiring biddings for every stage from subcontractors, choosing suitable subcontractors, forming the cost estimation and establishing a preliminary schedule, presenting the cost estimation to the client, negotiation of the contract, and last, but not least – signing the contract. The building this study is based on is an apartment complex Lahepea 9. The building has 4 floors and an underground parking garage, it consists of 68 apartments and two commercial spaces. The aim of this study was to analyze the volatility of the prices in the construction industry, because they indeed fluctuate a lot The prices were analyzed in the context of Lahepea 9’s construction. The analysis was construed by comparing the forecast cost estimation with the control budget. This kind of analysis should be performed by every head contractor after finishing a building to accurately obtain information about the quality of subcontractors, the fluctuations in prices, and in general about the succesfulness of said construction. By doing so, the company can catalogue these results, which could help with more accurate cost estimations in the future.